Improvement in bit-stocks



WMV Mmm 'liga @if/Mm l imm UNITED STATESPATENI OFFICE.

WM. IN. S. ORBETON, OF HAVERHILL, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN BIT-STOCKS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 59,254, dated October 30, 1666.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM W. S. ORBE- TON, of Haverhill, inthe county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Bit-Stocks; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists in forming the bit-receiving end of the bit-stock of one piece of metal, and with four or other suitable number of spring-jaws, and circumscribing the same by a sleeve or ferrule constructed, applied, and made to operate with the jaws in manner as hereinafter set forth; also, in the peculiar construction of the centralizing and adjusting device, and its application to the bit-receiving socket, whereby it is made to perform two functions-viz., that of centralizing the bit or boring-tool, whether its start or frusto-pyramidal part be of greater or less, length or its diameter be larger or smaller, and that of adjusting and maintaining such start or shoulders thereof against the lips of the jawspreparatory to and while such bit is being fastened.

The object of my invention is twofold, first, to enable a bit to be either readily applied to or detached from the stock, as may be desirable 5 and, second, to properly guide or eent-ralize the bit while being applied to the stock.

To enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to make and use it, I will proceed to describe its construction and mode of operation.

In the said drawings, Figure l denotes an external view of a bit-stock constructed in aecordance With my invention, and having a bit applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a side view of the head or upper end of the bit-stock as divested of its ferrule in order to show the spring-jaws. Fig. 3 is an end View of the spring-jaws; and Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of the head of the stock, taken through two opposite jaws thereof.

In the said drawings, A denotes a bit-stock, which is furnished With a socket, g, for the reception of a bit or boring-tool of the ordinary construction. This socket is not of cylindrical shape throughout its entire length; but the upper portion of it I make of a frusto-conical or pyramidal form, while the lower or remaining portion thereof has a cylindrical form, as seen in Fig. 4.

The upper end or head, B, of the stock (constructed of one piece of metal) is furcated, or formed with four or any other suitable number of jaws, a a a a., which, when the bit is in the socket, bears against the four faces of the bit-shank. Each of the said jaws a., at its up per end, is formed with a small projectinglip, b, which extends inward, as shown in the drawings. The object of this latter construction ofthe jaws is to enable the said lips to catch over the shoulders of the bit and prevent it from being drawn out of its socket while the bit is being retracted from the hole it may have made.

Within the said bit-receivin g socket gI dispose a cylindrical or other proper-shaped slider or centralizer, C, whose lower end rests upon a coiled spring, Gr, arranged in the lower part of such socket, such spring being connected at its upper end to the centralizer, and at its lower end is attached to a pin, o, as shown in Fig. 4. The said centralizer has a tapering hole or cavity, s, made in its upper end, the same being of sufficient size to receive the entering or smaller end of the shank of the bit; and furthermore, the said centralizer is to be so formed as to t closely to the walls of its chamber, but at the same time permit it to slide freely up and down within the same and maintain it in its proper alignment or position. By this peculiar construction and arrangement of theA centralizer and its spring, bits of different sizes and lengths of shank may be used and duly centralized, the spring serving to force the shoulders of the bit against the lips b b b b of the jaws, and thus maintain the bit in its proper place while being fastened to the stock.

The said head B, or the jaws composing the same, I make tapering, as seen in Fig. 2. Between each of the said jaws a a, and extending longitudinally thereof, I make a narrow channel-say one-eighth of an inch in width and about one and one-half inch in lengththe object of these channels being to enable the jaws to be sprung inward so as to grasp the varying shanks of different-sized bits.

D is a milled ferrule or sleeve, which circumscribes the jaws a, and is for the purpose of enabling a person to readily actuate such jaws in order to either fastenthc bit in its socket or release it therefrom, as may be desirable. The said ferrule has a tapering or frusto-conical bore for about onethird of its length, while the remaining portion of such bore is of a cylindrical form, to iit closely upon the shank o of the stock, as shown in Fig. 4. The said sleeve is also formed with a helical groove, c, extending laterally through it. In this groove a stud, d, projecting from the stock, works, the same being as shown in Fig. 1. The stud and groove perform two functions, viz., preventing the ferrule from getting out of place, and as a means of enabling the ferrule to firmly grasp and contract the jaws, and thus hold the bit in place. Instead ofthe stud and groove for operating the sleeve D, such sleeve might have a female screw made within it, and the jaws or shank o have a male screw cut upon them or it.

In applying a bit to the stock, I first turn the ferrule D so as to brin g it into its lowest position. Next I insert the shank of the bit in the socket, or between the jaws a., and press its entering end into the chambered end of the centralizer until the lips b of the several jaws shall close on or embrace the shoulders of the bit. Next, we should turn the ferrule in an opposite direction and rotate it until it bears -with a proper degree of force upon the said jaws to cause them to maintain the bit firmly in place.

For expeditiously applying a bit to its stock or disengaging it therefrom, as well as holding them rmly together, my invention has been found very effective, and, besides, 4it enables bits of different sizes to be used and maintains them in their proper alignment while being fastened to the bit-stock.

My improved bit-stock may be made wholly of metal, or partly of metal and partly of any other suitable material or materials.

I do not claim any of the devices, either singly or combined, as shown and described in Letters Patent No. 42,826, as my invention differs materially therefrom; but

I claiml. The improved bit-stock, composed of the body portion A, the furcated heador jaws a, the rotary sleeve D and its operative mechanism or equivalent, the centralizer C, and the spring G, the whole being constructed and combined together in manner and so as to operate as set forth.

2. I do not claim, broadly, a mechanism or means for centralizing a bit or tool Within its socket, but I claim my improved centralizer C, constructed in manner as described, and applied to the bit-receiving socket, and so as to operate with the jaws a, as specified, and by means as set forth.

3. The jaws a, constructed of one piece of metal, and of the tapering form, and with lips b, as described and shown, when combined with the sleeve D, made and applied to the said jaws in manner and so as to operate therewith, and by means substantially as set forth.

W. W. S. ORBETON.

YVitnesses M. A. GURRIER, J. P. J oNEs.

All 

